Recently, the role of business in society has come under intense scrutiny. Once widely embraced, the idea that companies should prioritize social good alongside profit is now being challenged—from concerns about its effectiveness to debates over whether it serves shareholders, stakeholders, or neither. This course critically examines these tensions and moves beyond ideological debates to focus on the strategic realities. We begin with the premise that profit and purpose are not necessarily in conflict, but achieving both requires a thoughtful, disciplined approach. Through case studies and analytical frameworks, this class equips students with the tools to assess when and how businesses can successfully integrate financial and social objectives in a way that is both sustainable and value-enhancing.